Abstract: The neotectonic movement is active in Guanzhong Basin, with extensive development of ground fissures and active faults. To solve the problem of uncertain distribution of concealed active faults in urban areas, in this study, active fault detection was carried out in Guanzhong Basin, and the vibroseis shallow reflection seismic technique was used to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio processed profiles, which presented abundant wave group information, obvious characteristics, clear contact relationship and good continuity derived from the dataset, revealing a clear and continuous Quaternary bottom interface. Based on the characteristics of the wave group and the data of the survey area, the internal structure of the Quaternary system and the following strata were divided, the distribution of known and hidden faults in the range of the survey line was identified, the fault characteristics and buried depth were analyzed, and the relevant technical problems in practical work were discussed. The results of this artificial reflection seismic detection work show that the seismic method and data processing technology described in this paper are effective and reliable in urban active fault detection, and can effectively identify the plane position and spatial distribution of active faults in hidden areas.