子午工程二期大气电场仪及其初步观测

李磊; 陈涛; 王诗涵; 提烁; 蔡春林; 李文; 罗静

doi:10.19975/j.dqyxx.2023-005

子午工程二期大气电场仪及其初步观测

doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2023-005

李磊^{1, 2,},
陈涛^1, ,,
王诗涵^{1, 2},
提烁¹,
蔡春林¹,
李文¹,
罗静¹

1.
中国科学院国家空间科学中心，北京 100190
2.
中国科学院大学，北京 100049

基金项目: 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA17010301，XDA15052500，XDA15350201）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41874175，41931073）

详细信息

作者简介:
李磊（1997-），男，博士研究生，主要从事近地面大气电场的研究. E-mail：lilei@swl.ac.cn

通讯作者:
陈涛（1961-），男，研究员，主要从事大气电场、电离层电场、辐射带电场的探测以及空间等离子体波与带电粒子的相互作用、空间天气与全球变化关系等研究. E-mail：tchen@nssc.ac.cn

中图分类号: P353
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-08
- 修回日期: 2023-04-03
- 录用日期: 2023-04-03
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-08
- 刊出日期: 2024-01-01

Chinese Meridian Project near-surface atmospheric electric field observations

Li Lei^{1, 2
,},
Chen Tao^{1
, ,},
Wang Shihan^{1, 2},
Ti Shuo¹,
Cai Chunlin¹,
Li Wen¹,
Luo Jing¹

1.
National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds: Supported by the Strategic Pioneer Program on Space Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. XDA17010301, XDA15052500, XDA15350201), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41874175, 41931073)

摘要

摘要: 大气电场是大气科学和空间物理学科中共同的一个重要电学参量，大气电场的变化代表着全球大气电路和近地面大气电荷分布状态，其变化同时受到气象活动、地质活动和太阳活动影响. 大气电场的平均日变化特点代表着平静时期该地区近地面大气电场的平均值，这对于研究不同纬度地区近地面大气电场由于地质活动或太阳活动引起的扰动具有重要意义. 为实现对日地空间环境全圈层、多要素综合的立体式探测，子午工程在两极、中国多个地区建成了多个大气电场观测台站，本文主要介绍子午工程中的大气电场观测，包括场磨式大气电场仪及其数据格式，展示了子午工程建设的西藏噶尔站2021年11月至2022年10月一年期间的晴天大气电场平均日变化，并对其进行了分析以及与“卡耐基曲线”的比较.
- 子午工程 /
- 大气电场 /
- 地基观测
Abstract: The near-surface atmospheric electric field is an important parameter in disciplines such as space physics and atmospheric science. Variations in the atmospheric electric field represent the state of the global atmospheric circuit and charge distribution in the near-surface atmosphere, which is affected jointly by meteorological activities (including precipitation, wind speed, relative humidity, and lightning), geological activities (earthquakes, landslides, mudslides, etc.), and solar activities (including solar flares, geomagnetic activities, coronal mass ejections, and high-energy proton events). The atmospheric electric field's near-surface average value in a specific region during the calm period is represented by its average daily variation characteristics. This average value is important to study the fluctuations in the near-surface atmospheric electric field at different latitudes, which are caused by geological or solar activities. To realize the three-dimensional detection of the whole circle and multiple elements of the solar-terrestrial space environment, several atmospheric electric field observation stations were built under the Meridian Project at the poles and several regions in China. The present study introduces observations made at seven such stations. It mainly included observations by the field-mill-type atmospheric electric field instrument, the data format, and information on clear days during November 2021-October 2022 at the Tibet Gar Station. The average daily variation in the atmospheric electric field during this one-year period was analyzed. Finally, the comparison of the average daily atmospheric electric field curve with the standard "Carnegie curve" was discussed.
- Chinese Meridian Project /
- atmospheric electric field /
- ground-based observation

HTML全文

图 1 子午工程已建成大气电场观测站分布地图

Figure 1. Map of the completed Chinese Meridian Project atmospheric electric field observation stations

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图 2 场磨式大气电场仪EFM 100示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the EFM 100 (atmospheric electric field meter)

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图 3 西藏噶尔站晴天大气电场平均日变化曲线

Figure 3. Average daily variation in the fair atmospheric electric field at Tibet Gar Station

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 大气电场数据格式说明

Table 1. Description of the atmospheric electric field data formats

行号	数据项中文名	数据项英文名	数值范围	物理单位	记录格式
01	时	Hour	0～23	h	I2
02	冒号	Colon	/	/	A1
03	分	Minute	0～59	min	I2
04	冒号	Colon	/	/	A1
05	秒	Second	0～59	s	I2
06	电场	Electric Field	−50～50	kV/m	以7个空格为分隔符

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 西藏噶尔站2021年11月1日大气电场数据示例

Table 2. Example of atmospheric electric field data obtained from the Tibet Gar Station on November 1, 2021

时间	电场	时间	电场	时间	电场
00:00:01	0.49	11:59:59	0.51	18:00:03	0.495
00:00:02	0.488	12:00:00	0.51	…	…
00:00:03	0.488	12:00:01	0.507	23:59:56	0.45
00:00:04	0.488	…	…	23:59:57	0.45
00:00:05	0.488	18:00:01	0.505	23:59:58	0.45
…	…	18:00:02	0.502	23:59:59	0.447

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