南堡4号构造东营组岩石物理相特征及其分类评价

陈晶莹; 曾静波; 赵建斌; 殷秋丽; 牛爱荣

doi:10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-075

南堡4号构造东营组岩石物理相特征及其分类评价

doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-075

1.
中国石油冀东油田分公司勘探开发研究院，唐山 063004
2.
中国石油集团测井有限公司地质研究院，西安 710000

基金项目: 中石油集团重大科技专项：测井重大技术现场试验与集成配套（2019D-3809）；中国石油集团测井有限公司十大科技项目：项目八课题一“岩石物理实验分析技术研究与应用”（CNLC2022-08B01）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈晶莹（1982-），女，工程师，主要从事测井综合解释与评价. E-mail：jingyingchen@petrochina.com.cn

通讯作者:
曾静波（1988-），男，工程师，主要从事非常规测井综合解释与评价方面的研究. E-mail：zengjingbo2014@cnpc.com.cn

中图分类号: P313
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-22
- 录用日期: 2023-01-18
- 修回日期: 2023-01-09
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-06

Petrophysical facies characteristics and classification evaluation of Dongying Formation of Nanpu No. 4 structure

1.
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Jidong Oilfield, CNPC, Tangshan 063000, China
2.
Research Institute of Geology, China National Logging Corporation, Xi'an 710000, China

Funds: Supported by the Major Science and Technology Project of Petrochina: Field Test and Integration of Major Logging Technology (Grant No. 2019D-3809), and the Top Ten Science and Technology Projects of China National Logging Corporation : Project 8 Subject 1 "Research and Application of Petrophysical Experimental Analysis Technology" (Grant No. CNLC2022-08B01)

摘要

摘要: 南堡凹陷4号构造晚期成岩作用强烈、储层非均质性强、孔隙结构复杂，导致优质储层岩石物理特征不清及储层有效性评价难. 针对这一难题，综合利用岩心薄片鉴定、扫描电镜、X全岩衍射、毛管实验及测录、试油等数据对储层的沉积特征、成岩特征及孔隙结构特征开展相控研究，研究结果表明研究区东二、东三段沉积相主要发育辫状河三角洲相，沉积微相主要发育水下分流河道、分流间湾、河口坝等；依据成岩作用及矿物类型将成岩相划分为弱溶蚀相、黏土矿物充填相、碳酸盐胶结相、压实致密相四类；根据储层物性及压汞等数据将孔隙结构相划分为Ⅰ类大孔粗喉型、Ⅱ类大孔中喉型、Ⅲ类中孔细喉型、Ⅳ类小孔微喉型. 基于沉积、成岩、孔隙结构三种特征单元叠加聚类分析将储层岩石物理相划分为PF1-PF4四类，其中PF1为油气及油水产能高的优势储层，PF2为产能一般的含油储层，PF3为需要储层改造才有产能的较差储层，PF4为无效储层，通过测井响应规律建立岩石物理相分类评价标准，为研究区储层有效性评价、优势储层预测以及后续的滚动开发提供了技术支撑和坚实的理论基础.
- 沉积微相 /
- 成岩相 /
- 孔隙结构相 /
- 岩石物理相
Abstract: Strong diagenesis and reservoir heterogeneity as well as complex pore structure in the late stage of No. 4 structure in Nanpu sag make assessment of the petrophysical characteristics of its high-quality reservoir and evaluation of its effectiveness difficult. To address this, the sedimentary, diagenetic, and pore structure characteristics of the reservoir were comprehensively studied using core thin section analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, capillary analysis, and logging and oil tests. The results showed that the sedimentary facies of the Ed₂ and Ed₃ of the study area were mainly braided river delta types, and the sedimentary microfacies mainly developed in an underwater distributary channel, interdistributary bay, and mouth bar. Diagenetic facies can be divided into four types based on diagenesis and mineral types: weak dissolution facies, clay mineral filling facies, carbonate cementation facies, and compacted dense facies. The pore structure facies can be divided into four types based on the reservoir physical properties and mercury injection, I: macropore coarse throat type, II: macropore medium throat type, III: mesopore thin throat type, and IV: micropore throat type. Based on the superimposed cluster analysis of sedimentary, diagenesis, and pore structure, the reservoir petrophysical facies can be divided into PF1-PF4, and the corresponding quantitative classification and evaluation criteria can be established. PF1 is an advantageous reservoir with high oil, gas, and water productivity; PF2 is an oil-bearing reservoir with average productivity; PF3 is a poor reservoir with low productivity after reservoir reconstruction; and PF4 is an invalid reservoir. The quantitative classification and evaluation criteria of petrophysical facies are established by logging response rules, which provide technical support and a solid theoretical basis for the evaluation of reservoir effectiveness, superior reservoir prediction, and subsequent ongoing development in the study area.
- sedimentary microfacies /
- diagenetic facies /
- pore structure facies /
- petrophysical facies

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图 1 南堡凹陷区域构造图（司兆伟等，2019）

Figure 1. Regional structure map of Nanpu depression（Si et al., 2019）

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图 2 南堡凹陷4号构造东营组孔渗关系图

Figure 2. Pore permeability relationship diagram of Dongying Formation in No. 4 structure of Nanpu sag

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图 3 南堡4号构造东营组东二、东三段成岩作用特征. （a）NP43-X4830，3859.05 m，线接触、颗粒紧密排列，孔隙差，压实作用强；（b）NP43-X4830，3854.27 m，石英岩岩屑，石英次生加大，方解石胶结；（c）NP4-31，3970.9 m，铁白云石连晶胶结；（d）NP4-31，3939.66 m，粒间高岭石、伊蒙混层等黏土填隙物及微孔；（e）NP43-X4830，3864.39 m，长石蚀变深；（f）NP4-39，4443.27 m，颗粒溶蚀形成溶蚀孔隙及粒间残余孔缝

Figure 3. Diagenesis characteristics of the 2^nd and 3^rd members of Dongying Formation in Nanpu No. 4 structure. (a) NP43-X4830, 3859.05 m; (b) NP43-X4830, 3854.27 m; (c) NP4-31, 3970.9 m; (d) NP4-31, 3939.66 m; (e) NP43-X4830, 3864.39 m; (f) NP4-39, 4443.27 m

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图 4 南堡4号构造东营组东二、东三段孔喉类型. （a）NP43-X4830，3855.99 m；（b）NP43-X4830，3849.38 m；（c）NP43-X4830，3972.04 m；（d）NP4-31，3972.04 m

Figure 4. Types of pore throat in the 2^nd and 3^rd members of Dongying Formation in Nanpu No. 4 structure. (a) NP43-X4830, 3855.99 m; (b) NP43-X4830, 3849.38 m; (c) NP43-X4830, 3972.04 m; (d) NP4-31, 3972.04 m

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图 5 南堡4号构造东营组东二、东三段不同孔隙结构压汞曲线特征. （a）NP43-4950，4188.84 m，一类孔隙结构；（b）NP4-66，4275.1 m，二类孔隙结构；（c）NP4-68，4605.07 m，三类孔隙结构；（d）NP4-31，3972.72 m，四类孔隙结构

Figure 5. Mercury injection curve characteristics of different pore structures in the 2^nd and 3^rd members of Dongying Formation in Nanpu No. 4 structure. (a) NP43-4950, 4188.84 m, Class I pore structure; (b) NP4-66, 4275.1 m, Class II pore structure; (c) NP4-68, 4605.07 m, Class Ⅲ pore structure; (d) NP4-31, 3972.72 m, Class Ⅳ pore structure

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图 6 NP43-X4828井东三段岩石物理相划分成果图. CAL：井径；GR：自然伽马；SP：自然电位；RLLD：深侧向电阻率；RLLS：浅侧向电阻率；MSFL：微球电阻率；CNL：中子；DEN：密度；AC：声波；POR：孔隙度；PERM：渗透率；SH：泥质含量；SAND：砂岩含量

Figure 6. Petrophysical phase division results of the 3^rd member of well NP43-X4828. CAL: caliper; GR: gamma ray; SP: spontaneous potential; RLLD: deep resistivity; RLLS: shallow resistivity; MSFL: microsphere resistivity; CNL: neutron porosity; DEN: bulk density; AC: compressional slowness; POR: porosity; PERM: permeability; SH: shale volume; SAND: sand volume

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表 1 不同成岩相地质及测井响应特征

Table 1. Geological and logging response characteristics of different diagenetic facies

成岩作用类型	成岩相	岩性	硅酸盐含量	泥质含量	碳酸盐含量	自然伽马	电阻率	声波	密度	中子
破坏性	压实致密相	粉砂岩、泥岩	较低	较高	较低	高值	中-高值	中等	高值	中等
	碳酸盐胶结相	细砂岩、粉砂岩	较低	较低	较高	低值	高值	低值	高值	低值
	黏土矿物充填相	细砂岩、粉砂岩	低-中等	较高	较低	中等	低值	中-高值	低-中等	中等
建设性	弱溶蚀相	中砂岩、细砂岩	较高	较低	较低	低值	中-高值	中-高值	低值	中等

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表 2 南堡4号构造东营组东二、东三段不同孔隙结构相划分标准

Table 2. Different pore structure phase classification criteria of the 2^nd and 3^rd members of Dongying Formation in Nanpu No. 4 structure

孔隙结构相	Ⅰ类大孔粗喉型	Ⅱ类大孔中喉型	Ⅲ类中孔细喉型	Ⅳ类小孔微喉型
孔隙度/%	＞15	＞15	＞10	＜10
渗透率/(10^-3m²)	＞10	1～10	0.1～1	＜0.1
排驱压力/MPa	＜0.1	0.1～0.5	0.5～2	＞2
平均孔喉半径/ μm	＞1.2	0.45～1.2	0.2～0.45	＜0.2
分选系数	＞1.5	0.45～1.5	0.15～0.45	＜0.15

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表 3 南堡4号构造东营组东二、东三段不同岩石物理相划分标准

Table 3. Petrophysical facies division criteria of the 2^nd and 3^rd members of Dongying Formation in Nanpu No. 4 structure

岩石物理相	自然伽马/API	电阻率/ (Ω·m)	声波/ (us·ft^-1)	密度/ (g·cm^-3)	中子/%	沉积微相	成岩相	孔隙结构相
PF1	60～80	4～15	80～95	2.2～2.4	15～25	水下分流河道、河口坝	弱溶蚀相	Ⅰ类
PF2	60～85	5～20	75～85	2.3～2.5	10～20	水下分流河道、河口坝	弱溶蚀、黏土矿物填充相	Ⅱ类或Ⅲ类
PF3	60～100	5～15	65～80	2.35～2.55	5～20	水下分流河道、河口坝	压实致密、碳酸盐胶结相	Ⅲ类或Ⅳ类
PF4	85～120	2～7	70～110	1.8～2.55	15～40	分流间湾	压实致密、碳酸盐胶结相	Ⅳ类

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