基于大地测量和MT技术分析吉林龙岗火山区现今地壳运动特征及其机理

胡亚轩; 赵凌强; 庄文泉; 梁国经; 綦伟

doi:10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-069

基于大地测量和MT技术分析吉林龙岗火山区现今地壳运动特征及其机理

doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-069

1.
中国地震局第二监测中心，西安 710054
2.
吉林省地震局，长春 130022

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41972315）；吉林长白山火山国家野外科学观测研究站研究课题（NORSCBS20-06）

详细信息

通讯作者:
胡亚轩(1970-)，女，正高级工程师. 主要从事地形变机理研究. E-mail：happy_hu6921@sina.com

中图分类号: P315
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-13
- 修回日期: 2022-12-19
- 录用日期: 2022-12-21
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-24
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-01

Analysis of the crustal movement characteristics and uplift mechanism of Longgang volcanoes, Jilin, based on geodesy and MT technology

1.
The Second Monitoring and Application Center, CEA, Xi'an 710054, China
2.
Earthquake Administration of Jilin Province, Changchun 130117, China

Funds: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41972315), and Jilin Changbaishan Volcano National Observation and Research Station Fund Project (Grant No. NORSCBS20-06)

摘要

摘要: 位于吉林长白山西麓龙岗山脉中段的龙岗火山群是中国近代主要火山活动区之一. 通过对火山区2010—2020年多期GNSS（Global Navigation Satallite System）观测资料及1970—2010年多个时段的一、二等水准资料进行解算，获取现今三维地壳运动速度场. GNSS获取的水平运动速率从西向东增大，东部主要以拉张运动为主，连续面应变率场结果反映火山区位于膨胀区；一等水准路线长抚线和丹抚线资料显示火山区以垂直上升运动为主，主要速率为0.55～1.83 mm/a，其中抚松—仙人桥—老山队一带为主要隆升区，速率多大于1.0 mm/a；该区域分布丰富的地热资源，也是地震多发地区. 邻近区域的二等水准路线梅通线速率相对较小，为0.23～0.77 mm/a. 结合对99个测点大地电磁数据三维反演得到的火山区深部电性结构：与隆升区对应的中下地壳赋存相对较浅的岩浆系统，电性边界带推测的浑江断裂北向延伸. 断裂附近的低阻体规模最大，向下延伸至地幔尺度. 最浅的低阻体位于最年轻的金龙顶子火山大约10 km以下位置，以上的高阻结构认为是岩浆溢流结束后的后撤和固结. 综合分析认为现今火山区地壳的膨胀隆升、地震活动与幔源物质的上涌、间断性的运移引起断层活动有关.
- 水平运动 /
- 垂直运动 /
- 面膨胀率 /
- MT /
- 地震 /
- 隆升机理
Abstract: The Longgang volcanic field is one of the most active volcanoes in modern China. It is situated in the central region of the Longgang mountains on the west slopes of Changbaishan in Jilin. The present three-dimensional crustal movement velocity fields in the different periods were obtained by processing Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations from 2010 to 2020 and data for the leveling profiles from 1970s to 2010s in the area. The horizontal velocities of GNSS stations were larger in the eastern region than in the western regions, indicating that the eastern region is mainly tensile. The results of the continuous surface strain rates showed that a volcanic field is located in the expansion area. The results of the first-order leveling data for the Changfu profile and the Danfu profile showed that the vertical movements were predominantly uplift, with rates of 0.55~1.83 mm/a for most of the sites. The area with relatively higher uplifting rates of more than 1.0 mm/a was Fusong-Xianrenqiao-Laoshandui, which is rich in geothermal resources and prone to earthquakes. At the adjacent area, Meitong, the rates of the second-class leveling profile were relatively small, at 0.23~0.77 mm/a. The deep electrical structure of the volcanic area was obtained through the three-dimensional inversion of 99 broadband magnetotelluric soundings. The clear structures of the low resistivity in the middle and lower crusts corresponded to the uplift area, which is suggested to be a magmatic system. The position of the magma was relatively shallow. The electrical boundary zone at the northeast end of the Hunjiang fault was speculated to be the northern extension of the fault. The low-resistivity body had the largest scale and extended downward to the mantle. The shallowest low-resistivity body was approximately 10 km below the youngest Jinlongdingzi volcano, and the above high-resistivity structure was considered to be the retreat and consolidation magma after the overflow eruption ended. A comprehensive analysis showed that the ongoing inflation, uplift, and seismic activities of the crust in the volcanic area were related to the upwelling of mantle materials and fault movements caused by intermittent magma migration.
- horizontal movement /
- vertical movement /
- surface expansion rate /
- MT /
- earthquake /
- uplift mechanism

HTML全文

图 1 龙岗火山群三维地壳运动背景. F1：敦化—密山断裂；F2：浑江断裂；F3：鸭绿江断裂；F4：依兰—伊通断裂；JLDZ：金龙顶子火山；同震水平位移引自王敏等（2011）

Figure 1. 3D crustal movement background in the Longgang volcanoes. F1: Dunhua-Mishan fault; F2: Hunjiang fault; F3: Yalujiang fault; F4: Yilan-Yitong fault; JLDZ: Jilongdingzi volcano;the coseismic velocities are from Wang et al. (2011)

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图 2 连续面应变率场

Figure 2. Continuous surface strain rates

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图 3 水平运动速度场（相对E312）及老火山口分布（断层同图1）

Figure 3. Horizontal velocity field with respect to E312 and the old craters (Faults are same as those in Fig. 1)

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图 4 垂直运动速度场及MT实测点位分布图（断层同图1）

Figure 4. Vertical velocity field and magnetotelluric sounding sites (Faults are the same as those in Fig. 1)

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图 5 深部电性结构立体图（5～90 km）（断层同图1，修改自Zhao et al., 2022）. LAB：岩石圈-软流圈边界

Figure 5. Stereoscopic view of the deep electrical structure (5-90 km) . (Faults are the same as those in Fig. 1, modified from Zhao et al., 2022) . LAB: lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary

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表 1 相对欧亚板块水平运动速率（mm/a）

Table 1. Site velocities in Eurasia (mm/a)

点名	V_e	V_n	σ_ve	σ_vn
E312	3.32	−1.35	0.27	0.10
JLDG	3.21	−1.23	0.12	0.10
JLHD	2.01	−1.68	0.13	0.10
JLHN	2.27	−2.14	0.12	0.20
JLJY	3.34	−1.37	0.13	0.10
CHUN	1.84	−1.35	0.15	0.10

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表 2 GNSS站点观测概况

Table 2. GNSS sites observed in this project

观测时间	年积日	观测站点
2010-08-13至2010-08-19	225-231	E312, LG01, LG02, LG03, LG04, LG05, LG06, LG07, LG08, LG09, LG10, LG11
2014-08-08至2014-08-15	220-227	E312, LG01, LG02, LG03, LG04, LG05, LG06, LG08, LG09, LG10, LG11
2020-08-24 至2020-08-30	237-244	E312, LG01, LG04, LG05, LG08

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表 3 相对欧亚板块和点位E312的水平运动速率（mm/a）

Table 3. Site velocities in Eurasia and site E312 (mm/a)

时间/年	点名	相对欧亚板块				相对E312		相对E312（扣除同震）
时间/年	点名	V_e	V_n	σ_ve	σ_vn	dV_e	dV_n	dV_e	dV_n
2010—2014	E312	11.52	−3.95	0.43	0.30	0	0	0	0
	LG01	11.55	−5.79	0.42	0.30	0.03	−1.84	0.63	−2.24
	LG02	12.40	−5.08	0.44	1.10	0.88	−1.13	1.58	−1.93
	LG03	12.07	−4.49	0.48	0.60	0.55	−0.54	1.25	−1.24
	LG04	11.76	−3.12	0.24	0.40	0.24	0.83	0.54	0.33
	LG05	13.08	−4.32	0.36	0.40	1.56	−0.37	1.86	−1.07
	LG06	11.53	−2.76	0.35	0.30	0.01	1.19	0.11	0.89
	LG09	14.07	−6.51	0.65	0.30	2.55	−2.56	1.85	−2.16
	LG10	12.01	0.69	0.46	0.20	0.49	4.64	−0.11	4.64
2014—2020	E312	3.32	−1.35	0.27	0.10	0	0
	LG01	3.95	−4.29	0.24	0.20	0.63	−2.94
	LG04	1.76	2.68	0.20	0.20	−1.56	4.03
	LG05	2.88	−1.92	0.20	0.20	−0.44	−0.57

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