遥感SiCH-2卫星光学系统“猫眼”效应的卫星激光测距

龙明亮; 张海峰; 林海生; 吴志波; 邓华荣; 秦思; 张忠萍

doi:10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-061

遥感SiCH-2卫星光学系统“猫眼”效应的卫星激光测距

doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-061

龙明亮^1, ,,
张海峰^{1, 2},
林海生³,
吴志波^{1, 2},
邓华荣¹,
秦思²,
张忠萍^{1, 2, 4}

1.
中国科学院上海天文台，上海 200030
2.
中国科学院空间目标与碎片观测重点实验室，南京 210008
3.
上海大学计算机工程与科学学院，上海 200444
4.
华东师范大学精密光谱科学与技术国家重点实验室，上海 200062

基金项目: 上海市自然科学基金面上资助项目（20ZR1467500）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（12003056，11903066）；上海市科技创新行动仪器共享配套操作与应用资助项目（21142201900）

详细信息

通讯作者:
龙明亮（1989-），男，副研究员. 主要从事卫星/空间碎片激光测距技术及应用研究. E-mail：F_CEO_beifeng@126.com

中图分类号: P129
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-05
- 修回日期: 2022-09-07
- 录用日期: 2022-09-14
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-22
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-01

"Cat's eye" effect for satellite laser ranging based on the optical system of remote sensing satellite SiCH-2

Long Mingliang^{1
, ,},
Zhang Haifeng^{1, 2},
Lin HaiSheng³,
Wu Zhibo^{1, 2},
Deng huarong¹,
Qin Si²,
Zhang Zhongping^{1, 2, 4}

1.
Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Space Object and Debris Observation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
3.
School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
4.
State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

Funds: Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant No. 20ZR1467500), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12003056, 11903066), and Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action (Grant No. 21142201900)

摘要

摘要: 乌克兰地球遥感卫星SiCH-2由2011年发射升空，目前已停止工作，处于失效失控状态，作为空间碎片目标由北美防空司令部（NORAD）提供两行根数（TLE）预报. 本文分析了光学系统的“猫眼”效应，以上海天文台卫星激光测距（SLR）系统实现对SiCH-2卫星进行激光测距，测量回波强度大，测距精度优于10 cm. 测距能力表明SiCH-2对激光反射回波达到合作目标带反射器的卫星激光测距水平，与光电探测设备“猫眼”效应分析的探测能力相当，测距数据结果表明该卫星处于自转状态，自转周期为4.3 s. 本文国内外首次实现基于“猫眼”效应对在轨目标的激光测距，为远距离空间目标的探测提供了新的方法，促进高精度激光探测技术的应用发展，有利于对失效或轨道异常的光学系统类光电探测系列卫星进行监视监测.
- 卫星激光测距 /
- 空间碎片 /
- 光电探测设备 /
- “猫眼”效应
Abstract: Remote sensing satellite SiCH-2 from Ukraine was launched in 2011. At present, it has stopped working and is out of control, and it has been forecasted to become space debris by a two-line root (TLE) from the North American Air Defense Command (NORAD). Here, the "cat's eye" effect of the optical system is analyzed, and the satellite laser ranging (SLR) system at Shanghai Observatory is used to measure the echo intensity of satellite SiCH-2, which is very strong, and the ranging accuracy, which is better than 10 cm. The analysis of the measurement capability results shows that the laser reflection echo from satellite SiCH-2 reaches the laser ranging level of the satellite with the reflector, and is consistent with the detection ability of the photoelectric detection equipment "cat's eye" effect analysis. The measurement results also show that satellite SiCH-2 is in a state of rotation, with a period of 4.3 s. In this study, the laser ranging of on-orbit targets based on the "cat's eye" effect is realized for the first time, which provides a new method for analyzing long-distance space targets, promotes the application and development of high-precision laser ranging technology, and is beneficial to monitor the photoelectric detection series of satellites that fail or have abnormal orbits.
- satellite laser ranging /
- space debris /
- photoelectric detection equipment /
- "cat's eye" effect

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图 1 光电设备光学系统的“猫眼”效应光路示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the light path of the "cat's eye" effect from the optical system in the optical equipment

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图 2 上海天文台SLR系统框图

Figure 2. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory SLR system block diagram

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图 3 SiCH-2地球遥感卫星示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of SiCH-2 Earth remote sensing satellite

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图 4 空间目标SiCH-2（碎片编号ID：37794）的SLR测量

Figure 4. SLR measurement for SiCH-2 (ID: 37794)

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表 1 空间目标SiCH-2的卫星激光测距结果统计

Table 1. Statistics of satellite laser ranging results of space target SiCH-2

数量	日期	测量点数	精度/cm	时间偏差/ms	距离偏差/m	最大距离/km	最小距离/km
1	2021-06-08	2617	8.92	22.12	239.88	1496.4	1413
2	2021-06-11	8233	10.54	44.88	−49.18	1404.2	1076.2
3	2021-08-29	2990	6.63	52.2	27	856.2	717.3
4	2021-08-31	4493	5.74	10.9	57.9	942.5	812.5

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