震形图APP：一种基于Android系统的地震形变模拟应用程序

倪瑞胜; 许文斌

doi:10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-037

震形图APP：一种基于Android系统的地震形变模拟应用程序

doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-037

倪瑞胜,
许文斌^,

中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院火山与地震研究实验室，长沙 410012

基金项目: 国家重点研发课题资助项目（2019YFC1509205）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（42174023）

详细信息

作者简介:
倪瑞胜（1994-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事空间大地测量数据处理与应用开发. E-mail：778968556@qq.com

通讯作者:
许文斌（1985-），男，教授，主要从事大地测量与地球物理学研究. E-mail：wenbin.xu@csu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P315
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-23
- 修回日期: 2022-04-29
- 录用日期: 2022-05-05
- 网络出版日期: 2022-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-01

Codefmap APP: A seismic deformation simulation application based on Android system

Ni Ruisheng,
Xu Wenbin^,

Lab of Volcano and Earthquake Research, School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410012, China

Funds: Supported by the National Key Research and Development Project (Grant No. 2019YFC1509205) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42174023)

摘要

摘要: 若能在短时间内了解发震区域的地表变形程度，对及时评估受灾程度、配合抗震救灾工作的开展具有重要意义. 空间大地测量技术具有监测精度高、空间分辨率高等优势，已广泛应用在地震形变监测相关领域. 通过处理空间大地测量数据得到的地震同震形变图能够直观地展现地震产生的地表形变，为判断发震区域受灾情况提供参考. 但是现实中，由于数据的获取存在滞后性，往往无法在地震发生后短时间内提供同震形变数据. 本文利用近实时USGS NEIC的震源机制解、地震弹性位错模型和地震经验公式，基于Java和Python语言开发了一种基于Android智能手机的地震形变模拟应用程序（简称：震形图APP）. 该程序具有全球地震目录查询、主动获取USGS NEIC震源参数、显示震中位置、自动计算同震形变的功能，对于重要地震事件能够在一天内给出形变模拟结果，尤其适用于隐伏型震级较大的地震，可在一定程度上为判定潜在危险区域和早期抗震救灾提供参考依据.
- Android /
- 同震形变 /
- 形变模拟 /
- 地震危害评估 /
- Okada
Abstract: If coseismic deformation of the earthquake region can be obtained in a short time, it is important for timely evaluate the disaster and cooperate with the development of earthquake relief work. Space geodesy technology has the advantages of high monitoring accuracy and high spatial resolution, and has been widely used in seismic deformation monitoring related fields. The coseismic deformation obtained by processing space geodetic data can intuitively show the surface deformation caused by the earthquake and provide a reference for judging the disaster situation. However due to the lag of data acquisition, it is often impossible to provide coseismic deformation map in a short time after the earthquake. In this paper, using the near real-time focal mechanism solutions of the USGS NEIC, seismic elastic dislocation model and seismic empirical formula, a seismic deformation simulation application based on Android smartphone (namely Codefmap APP) is developed based on Java and Python language. The program has the functions of earthquake catalog query at any time in the world, actively obtaining USGS NEIC source parameters, displaying epicenter position and automatically calculating coseismic deformation. For important events, the deformation simulation results can be given within one day, especially for blind earthquakes. It can provide a reference basis for determining potentially dangerous areas and early earthquake relief to a certain extent.
- Android /
- coseismic deformation /
- deformation simulation /
- seismic hazard assessment /
- Okada

HTML全文

图 1 技术路线图

Figure 1. Workflow

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图 2 Okada模型计算地震地表形变

Figure 2. Calculation of coseismic deformation using Okada model

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图 3 应用系统架构

Figure 3. Application system architecture

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图 4 震形图APP四大模块. （a）条件筛选模块；（b）地震分布信息模块. 默认显示中国及周边地区当前时间一年内5级以上地震分布情况；（c）地震速报信息模块. 默认加载我国及周边地区当前时间一年内5级以上地震信息，对于6级以上地震标红显示；（d）地震形变信息模块. 底图右上角形变图类型选择按钮，红点代表震中位置，且点击按钮加载沙滩球，左下角为形变图图例和震源机制解参数

Figure 4. Four modules of Codefmap APP. (a) Conditional screening module; (b) Seismic distribution information module. By default, it displays the distribution of earthquakes with $ {M}_{\mathrm{W}} $> 5 earthquakes in one year in China and its surrounding areas; (c) The early earthquake information module. By default, the information on earthquakes of $ {M}_{\mathrm{W}} $> 5 within one year of the current time in the country and surrounding areas is loaded, and earthquakes of $ {M}_{\mathrm{W}} $> 6 are displayed in red; (d) Seismic deformation information module. In the upper right corner of the base map, click the deformation map type selection button. The red dot represents the epicenter and click the button to load the focal mechanism. The lower left corner is the deformation map legend and the focal mechanism solution parameters from USGS NEIC

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图 5 应用爬虫获取数据流程图

Figure 5. Workflow of data acquisition using application spider

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图 6 应用数据处理流程

Figure 6. Workflow of application data processing

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图 7 震形图APP计算生成的同震地表形变图. （a-e）分别是东方向、北方向、垂直向、缠绕升轨、缠绕降轨的形变图

Figure 7. The coseismic surface deformation map calculated by Codefmap APP. (a-e) represent the simulated coseismic deformation maps in the east-west direction, the north-south direction, the vertical direction, the warped ascending orbit, and the warped descending orbit respectively

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图 8 （a）门源升轨同震形变图；（b）震形图APP模拟升轨同震形变图，白色五角星表示USGS提供的震中位置；（c）门源降轨同震形变图；（d）震形图APP模拟降轨同震形变图

Figure 8. (a) The ascending coseismic deformation map of simulated orbit lift of the Menyuan earthquake; (b) The simulated ascending coseismic deformation map by Codefmap APP, The white star indicates the epicenter provided by the USGS; (c) The descending coseismic deformation map of the Menyuan earthquake; (d) The simulated descending coseismic deformation map by Codefmap APP

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图 9 （a）于田升轨同震形变图；（b）震形图APP模拟升轨同震形变图，白色五角星表示USGS提供的震中位置；（c）于田降轨同震形变图；（d）震形图APP模拟降轨同震形变图

Figure 9. (a) The ascending coseismic deformation map of the Yutian earthquake. (b) The simulated ascending coseismic deformation map by Codefmap APP. The white star indicates the epicenter provided by the USGS. (c) The descending coseismic deformation map of the Yutian earthquake. (d) The simulated ascending coseismic deformation map by Codefmap APP

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图 10 （a）ShakeMap显示的中国青海省门源6.6级地震地面震动；（b）地震预警助手APP显示的中国青海省门源6.6级地震地面震动；（c）震形图APP显示的中国青海省门源6.6级地震形变；（d, e, f）对应应用显示的日本奈美惠7.3级地震震动与形变结果

Figure 10. (a) The ground shaking of the Menyuan County M_W6.6 earthquake displayed by ShakeMap; (b) The ground shaking of the M_W6.6 earthquake in Menyuan County, Qinghai, China displayed by the Earthquake Early Warning Assistant APP; (c) Coseismic deformation of the M_W6.6 earthquake in Menyuan County, Qinghai, China displayed by the Codefmap APP Deformation; (d, e, f) The shakiing and deformation results of the M_W7.3 Namie earthquake in Japan displayed by the corresponding applications

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表 1 地震样本的震源机制解发布时间统计

Table 1. The statistics of release time of focal mechanism solutions

发震区域	矩震级	发震时间（UTC）	USGS震源机制发布时间（UTC）	APP形变模拟结果发布时间（UTC）	首期震后Sentinel-1A 数据发布时间（UTC）
瓦努阿图诺苏普	6.3	2022-04-09 20:52:37	2022-04-09 21:58:58	2022-04-09 21:59:58	2022-04-13 07:22:19
菲律宾拉巴斯	5.5	2022-04-03 10:24:56	2022-04-03 10:56:29	2022-04-03 10:57:10	2022-04-13 21:23:41
日本浪江	5.2	2022-03-25 03:08:16	2022-03-25 03:45:21	2022-03-25 03:45:58	2022-04-05 20:42:55
中国台湾花莲县	6.7	2022-03-22 17:41:38	2022-03-23 02:43:29	2022-03-23 02:44:29	2022-03-26 10:01:49
日本奈美惠	7.3	2022-03-16 14:36:33	2022-03-16 14:55:45	2022-03-16 14:57:45	2022-03-24 20:42:55

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表 2 震形图APP形变模拟采用的地震参数

Table 2. Source parameters used in the deformation simulation of Codefmap APP

发震地区	发震时间	经度/(°)	纬度/(°)	矩震级	深度/($ \mathrm{k}\mathrm{m} $)	走向/(°)	倾向/(°)	滑动角/(°)
门源	2016-01-21	101.6409	37.6709	5.9	9	141	50	79
于田	2020-06-26	82.4158	35.5948	6.3	10	24	42	−108

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