• ISSN 2097-1893
  • CN 10-1855/P
王伟君,陈凌,王一博,彭菲. 2022. 光纤振动传感之一:旋转测量技术及其地震学应用. 地球与行星物理论评,53(1):1-16. doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2021-046
引用本文: 王伟君,陈凌,王一博,彭菲. 2022. 光纤振动传感之一:旋转测量技术及其地震学应用. 地球与行星物理论评,53(1):1-16. doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2021-046
Wang W J, Chen L, Wang Y B, Peng F. 2022. Fiber-optic vibration sensing—I: Rotation measurement technique and its seismological applications. Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, 53(1): 1-16. doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2021-046
Citation: Wang W J, Chen L, Wang Y B, Peng F. 2022. Fiber-optic vibration sensing—I: Rotation measurement technique and its seismological applications. Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, 53(1): 1-16. doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2021-046

光纤振动传感之一:旋转测量技术及其地震学应用

Fiber-optic vibration sensing—I: Rotation measurement technique and its seismological applications

  • 摘要: 地震波场可分解为三分量平动和三分量旋转运动. 旋转分量包含重要的波场梯度信息,是地震波场重建的关键要素,但过去由于缺乏稳定的高灵敏度旋转测量仪器,它在不同的地震学应用中常被忽略. 光纤旋转地震仪是率先打破测量仪器缺乏困境、最先实现商业化的旋转地震仪,也是目前最有发展前景的地震波旋转直接测量设备. 光纤旋转地震仪基于Sagnac效应,并依托成熟的光纤陀螺技术实现振动的旋转分量测量. 它具有纯光电传感不受平动影响的测量优势;并且能够在高灵敏度和宽频带旋转测量的基础下实现设备的小型化,有利于旋转测量的应用推广. 因此,光纤旋转地震仪和传统的地震仪将形成互补,实现旋转和平动六分量(6C)的观测,更好地提取地震波场特征,提高振动监测能力,有效改善震源过程反演、地下结构成像和地震破坏机理研究等应用. 本文主要介绍光纤旋转测量的基本原理、旋转地震学的应用及其潜在应用前景.

     

    Abstract: The seismic wavefield can be decomposed into three-component translational motions and three-component rotational motions. The rotation components contain important wavefield gradient information and are key elements of seismic wavefield reconstruction. Due to the lack of stable high-sensitivity rotational measuring instruments, the rotation component was often neglected in different seismological applications in the past. The fiber-optic rotational seismometer, breaking the dilemma of the lack of measuring instruments, is the first commercialized rotating seismometer. It is also the most promising device for direct seismic wave rotation measurement. The fiber-optic rotational seismometer is based on the Sagnac effect and relies on mature fiber-optic gyroscope technology to measure the rotation components of vibration. It has the advantage that pure photoelectric sensor unaffected by translational motions and can be made portable equipment based on high sensitivity and wideband rotation measurement, which is beneficial to the application and promotion of rotation measurement. Therefore, the fiber-optic rotational seismograph and the traditional seismograph will complement each other to observe the six-component (6C) rotational and translational motions, which can extract seismic wavefield characteristics better, and can improve the performance of vibration monitoring, as well as the researches or applications on the seismic source rupture inversion, underground structure imaging and seismic damage mechanism. This article mainly introduces the basic principles of fiber-optic rotation measurement, the application of rotational seismology and its potential prospects.

     

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