• ISSN 2097-1893
  • CN 10-1855/P
何飞,尧中华,魏勇. 2021. 冷湖行星光学遥感发展与展望. 地球与行星物理论评,52(4):361-372. doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2021-023
引用本文: 何飞,尧中华,魏勇. 2021. 冷湖行星光学遥感发展与展望. 地球与行星物理论评,52(4):361-372. doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2021-023
He F, Yao Z H, Wei Y. 2021. Development and prospect of planetary optical remote sensing at Lenghu. Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, 52(4): 361-372. doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2021-023
Citation: He F, Yao Z H, Wei Y. 2021. Development and prospect of planetary optical remote sensing at Lenghu. Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, 52(4): 361-372. doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2021-023

冷湖行星光学遥感发展与展望

Development and prospect of planetary optical remote sensing at Lenghu

  • 摘要: 行星科学是当今科学前沿领域,是我国科技战略的重要组成部分,是国家自然科学发展水平和综合国力的集中体现. 行星科学是研究太阳系内与系外行星、卫星、彗星等天体和行星系的基本特征,以及它们形成和演化过程的科学,以深空探测为主要研究手段,由地球科学、空间科学、天文学等学科交叉产生. 行星空间环境是行星多圈层耦合系统的重要部分,是行星与星际空间进行物质和能量交换的关键区域,对行星环境演化具有重要影响. 行星空间分布着不同成分的中性大气,不同密度和能量的空间等离子体,具有不同强度和位形的磁场,在太阳风变化或行星内部驱动力的驱动下发生不同时间/空间尺度的物质输运、能量沉积/耗散等过程. 从全局角度理解行星空间的物质和能量输运是研究行星物质逃逸和环境演化的关键. 光学遥感手段可以弥补传统就位探测方法无法捕捉全貌、无法区分时空变化的不足,特别是地基光学遥感,成本低、可维护、可长期观测、可快速响应等,能产出重要的研究成果. 本文介绍光学遥感的原理,光学遥感的行星科学应用. 在此基础上,介绍中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所建立的中国首个地基行星遥感中心——冷湖行星地质观测中心,并对未来发展进行展望.

     

    Abstract: Planetary science is the one among the frontiers of science in the world and also is one of the key components of the development strategy of science and technology in China, which reflects the state of national natural science and the comprehensive national strength. Planetary science is the scientific study of the fundamental characteristics of planets, moons, and comets in the inner and outer of the solar system as well as their formation and evolution processes. Planetary science research mainly depends on deep space exploration, and it is highly interdisplinary and was built from Earth science, space science, and astronomy. Planetary space, a critical region of mass and energy exchange between the planet and the interplanetary space, is an integral part of the planetary multi-layer coupling system. Atmospheres of different compositions and plasmas of different densities and energies exist in planetary space, where mass transportation at different temporal and spatial scales and various energy deposition and dissipation processes occur. These processes are driven by the changes in the solar wind and the internal driving forces of the planet. Knowledge pertaining to the global mass and energy transportation in planetary space is essential to investigate the mass escape from the planets and the evolution of planetary environment. Optical remote sensing overcomes the difficulties of capturing global views and distinguishing spatiotemporal variations in in-situ particle and field detections. Especially, as characterized by low-cost, maintainability, long-term observations and fast responses, the ground-based optical remote sensing provides important data for scientific research. This paper introduces the principles and applications of optical remote sensing in planetary sciences. Then, the first ground-based planetary observatory in China, the Lenghu Observatory for Planetary Sciences, established by the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, will be introduced in detail. The future development of the observatory will also be discussed.

     

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