• ISSN 2097-1893
  • CN 10-1855/P

地震逆散射偏移与反演综述

毛伟建 李武群 欧阳威

引用本文: 毛伟建,李武群,欧阳威. 地震逆散射偏移与反演综述. 地球与行星物理论评,2021,52(1):27-45
Mao W J, Li W Q, Ouyang W. Review of seismic inverse scattering migration and inversion. Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, 2021, 52(1):27-45

地震逆散射偏移与反演综述

doi: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2020-008
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0601100);国家自然科学基金(U1562216,41474120);国家自然科学基金青年基金(41704143,41904126)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    毛伟建,男,研究员,主要从事地震数据处理、偏移成像与反演的研究. E-mail:wjmao@whigg.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: P315.61, P315.63

Review of seismic inverse scattering migration and inversion

Funds: Supported by State Key Research Development Program of China (Grant no. 2016YFC0601100), the National Science Foundation of China (Grant no. U1562216, 41474120) and National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (Grant No. 41704143, 41904126)
  • 摘要: 随着油气勘探领域逐渐向深层、复杂型、隐蔽性油气藏转移,油气资源的勘探难度越来越大,传统反射地震勘探技术难以满足日益增长的油气勘探需求,亟需发展适合复杂地质构造的地震波偏移反演新技术. 针对地球深部非均匀结构体引起的地震散射波,发展地震逆散射偏移反演理论和技术将有可能解决复杂构造成像反演的技术难题. 本文回顾地震波逆散射偏移反演理论的发展历史和基本原理,以逆广义Radon变换求解线性化逆散射问题为基础,介绍逆散射理论在介质结构成像、物性参数反演、多次波衰减等方面的技术延伸,同时将其应用到合成数据和实际数据资料,探讨地震勘探逆散射方法的技术优势和应用潜力.

     

  • 图  1  (a)常规GRT反演剖面;(b)角度域GRT反演剖面(修改自Li et al., 2018

    Figure  1.  Inversion profiles for the layered model by using (a) conventional GRT inversion method and (b) angle-domain GRT inversion method (modified from Li et al., 2018)

    图  2  常规GRT反演振幅曲线(黑色虚线)和真实扰动振幅(红色实线)对比图. 道集位置对应图1a中的白色虚线位置: (a)x=500 m;(b)x=800 m;以及(c)x=2000 m(修改自Li et al., 2018

    Figure  2.  Comparison of true perturbations (red solid lines) and retrieved perturbations (black dashed lines) by conventional GRT inversion method at the distances (a) x=500 m ; (b) x=800 m ; and (c) x=2000 m in Fig. 1a (modified from Li et al., 2018)

    图  3  图2类似,角度域GRT反演振幅曲线与真实扰动振幅对比图(修改自Li et al., 2018

    Figure  3.  Similar to Fig. 2, but for angle-domain GRT inversion method from Fig. 1b (modified from Li et al., 2018)

    图  4  水平保幅情况.(a)常规GRT反演;(b)角度域GRT反演(修改自Li et al., 2018

    Figure  4.  The retrieved amplitude curves picked along the reconstructed reflectors from (a) conventional GRT inversion profile and (b) angle-domain GRT inversion profile (modified from Li et al., 2018)

    图  5  变密度水平层状模型角度域共成像点道集图(修改自Li et al., 2018

    Figure  5.  ADCIGs calculated at the distance x=2 000 m (modified from Li et al., 2018)

    图  6  (a)理论AVA特征曲线;(b)计算提取的AVA曲线(修改自Li et al., 2018

    Figure  6.  (a) Theoretical AVA curves and (b) Picked AVA curves from the calculated ADCIGs panel (Fig. 5) (modified from Li et al., 2018)

    图  7  散射序列示意图.(a)全波场散射示意图.(b)一阶Born近似散射示意图.(c)二阶Born近似散射示意图(李武群等, 2017

    Figure  7.  Schematics of scattering series for (a) full order Born scattering, (b) first order scattering, and (c) second order scattering (Li et al., 2017)

    图  8  局部二次散射示意图(李武群等,2017

    Figure  8.  Schematics of second order scattering within a local area (Li et al., 2017)

    图  9  不同速度扰动的单界面水平层状模型

    Figure  9.  Single interface horizontal layered model with different velocity perturbations

    图  10  不同扰动模型Born近似误差变化曲线.(a)一阶Born近似误差.(b)二阶Born近似误差(李武群等,2017

    Figure  10.  Error distribution curves from Born data of different perturbation. (a) First order Born approximate data error. (b) Second order Born approximate data error (Li et al., 2017)

    图  11  GRT线性反演和非线性反演界面振幅归一化曲线图.(a)GRT线性反演;(b)GRT非线性反演(李武群等,2017

    Figure  11.  Comparison of normalized inverted amplitudes from GRT linear and nonlinear inversion of different perturbation models. (a) GRT linear inversion. (b) GRT nonlinear inversion (Li et al., 2017)

    图  12  (a)Sigsbee 2A速度模型及(b)非线性反演剖面(修改自Ouyang et al., 2014

    Figure  12.  (a) the Sigsbee 2A model and (b) the nonlinear inversion profile (modified from Ouyang et al., 2014)

    图  13  反演值(实线)与真实扰动(虚线)之间的比较.(a)线性反演值与真实扰动之间的比较.(b)非线性反演值与真实扰动的比较(修改自Ouyang et al., 2014

    Figure  13.  Comparison between true perturbations (dotted line) and inverted perturbations (solid line). (a) Linear inversion. (b) Quadric nonlinear inversion (modified from Ouyang et al., 2014)

    图  14  墨西哥湾某区ISS自由表面多次波去除应用示例(修改自Weglein et al., 2003

    Figure  14.  The left panel is a stack of a field data set from the Gulf of Mexico. The right panel is the result of inverse-scattering free-surface multiple removal (modified from Weglein et al., 2003)

    图  15  墨西哥湾某区ISS层间多次波去除应用示例(修改自Weglein et al., 2003

    Figure  15.  An example of inverse-scattering internal multiple attenuation from the Gulf of Mexico (modified from Weglein et al., 2003)

    图  16  二维SEAM模型

    Figure  16.  The 2D SEAM model

    图  17  2D SEAM 模型偏移成像结果.(a)逆散射成像;(b)高斯束成像

    Figure  17.  The migration results of the 2D SEAM model by (a) ISM, and (b) GBM

    图  18  3D SEG/EAGE盐丘模型

    Figure  18.  The 3D SEG/EAGE salt model

    图  19  3D SEG/EAGE模型沿x方向剖面偏移成像结果.(a)和(b)分别原始速度模型.(c)和(d)为逆散射偏移成像结果.(e)和(f)为高斯束偏移成像结果

    Figure  19.  Migration results of the profiles along x direction. (a) and (b) are velocity models. (c) and (d) are ISM results. (e) and (f) are GBM results

    图  20  3D SEG/EAGE模型沿y方向剖面偏移成像结果.(a)和(b)分别原始速度模型.(c)和(d)为逆散射偏移成像结果.(e)和(f)为高斯束偏移成像结果

    Figure  20.  Migration results of the profiles along y direction. (a) and (b) are velocity models. (c) and (d) are ISM results. (e) and (f) are GBM results

    图  21  3D SEG/EAGE模型深度切片偏移成像结果. (a)为深度位置z=0.8 km切片上的速度模型. (b)为逆散射偏移成像结果. (c)为高斯束偏移成像结果

    Figure  21.  Migration results of the depth slice. (a) Velocity at slice z=0.8 km. (b) ISM result. (c) GBM result

    图  22  长排列采集观测系统

    Figure  22.  The Schematic of the acquisition geometry

    图  23  野外单炮地震记录

    Figure  23.  The single shot record of the field data

    图  24  逆散射偏移成像剖面(左)和局部放大区域(右)

    Figure  24.  The imaging result by Inverse scattering migration (left) and the zoomed one (right)

    图  25  Kirchhoff偏移成像剖面(左)和局部放大区域(右)

    Figure  25.  The imaging result by Kirchhoff migration (left) and the zoomed one (right)

    图  26  SEAM成像结果. (a),(b),(c)和(d)依次为速度场,上行波成像,下行波成像以及全波成像结果(修改自Li et al., 2019

    Figure  26.  Imaging results of the SEAM 2D model (a). (b), (c) and (d) are the imaging results using primary, multiple and joint imaging condition, respectively (modified from Li et al., 2019)

    表  1  常密度水平层状模型

    Table  1.   Horizontal layered model with constant density

    层厚度/m速度/(m·s–1)密度/(kg·m–3)
    30020002500
    30021002500
    30020002500
    30021002500
    30020002500
    30021002500
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  变密度水平层状模型

    Table  2.   Horizontal layered model with varying density

    层厚度/m速度/(m·s–1)密度/(kg·m–3)
    30020002000
    30021002100
    30020002000
    30021002100
    30020002000
    30021002100
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-07-17
  • 录用日期:  2020-08-31
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-09-13
  • 刊出日期:  2021-01-01

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