A review on the development on the duration of ground motion
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摘要: 地震动持时作为表征地震动的三要素之一，其对震害的影响逐渐被人们所认识. 然而，在地震动持时的定义方面，目前没有统一且明确的概念，文中给出了广义的地震动总持时和强震持时的定义，研究者们根据各自领域的研究特点选择更适合的持时. 持时大致可以分为两个大类：一是绝对持时，即基于加速度绝对值阈值的括号持时；二是相对持时，也就是反映地震动过程强度或能量变化趋势的持时，比如能量控制的相对持时等. 持时的定义有很多种，文章简单地回顾了地震动持时的五种定义，同时，细致地分析了五种持时定义所表现的特点，并介绍了持时预测模型的研究成果，最后针对目前应用持时存在的问题提出了几点认识.Abstract: The duration of earthquake ground motion is acted as one of the three elements indicating of ground motion. Its influence on earthquake damage is gradually recognized by experts and scholars all over the world. However, in defining of duration, there is currently no uniform and clear concept. In a generalized definition, the paper gives the definition about the total duration of earthquake ground motion and the duration of strong ground motion. The researchers select more suitable duration according to the characteristics of their respective fields. The duration can be roughly divided into two broad categories: absolute duration and relative duration. The absolute duration is bracket duration based on absolute acceleration threshold, while the relative duration of energy control reflects the trend of intensity or energy change in the seismic process. There are many definitions of the duration, yet this paper simply reviews five definitions of duration of earthquake ground motion. The characteristics of the five kinds of duration definitions are analyzed meticulously. Moreover, the paper introduces the research results in prediction model of duration of earthquake ground motion. At last, the paper puts forward some insights of current application in duration of earthquake ground motion.
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图 1 北棕榈泉机场场地强震动记录的括号持时（加速度最小值0.05 g）（修改自Kempton and Jonathan, 2006）
Figure 1. Bracketed duration of strong vibration record in North Palm Springs Airport site (minimum acceleration is 0.05 g)（modified from Kempton and Jonathan, 2006）
图 3 典型地震动记录的显著持时（修改自Shoji et al., 2005）
Figure 3. Significant duration of typical seismic records（modified from Shoji et al., 2005）
图 4 两种定义的显著持时
$ {D}_{5-75} $ 、$ {D}_{5-95} $ （利用北棕榈泉机场场地的记录）（修改自Kempton and Jonathan, 2006）Figure 4. Significant duration of two definitions
$ {D}_{5-75} $ and$ {D}_{5-95} $ (Access to the records in North Palm Springs Airport site)（modified from Kempton and Jonathan, 2006）
图 5 滤波后的加速度持时定义（滤波频率0.37 Hz）（修改自Lee，2002）. （a）滤波后的加速度时程（图中阴影部分为强震动部分）；（b）
$ {\int }_{0}^{t}{f}^{2}\left(t\right)\mathrm{d}\mathrm{t} $ ；（c）$ {f}^{2}\left(t\right) $ 积分平滑化Figure 5. Definition of acceleration duration after filtering （frequency filtering is 0.37 Hz）（modified from Lee, 2002）. (a) Acceleration time history after filtering (the shaded part of the image is strongly vibrated); (b)
$ {\int }_{0}^{t}{f}^{2}\left(t\right)\mathrm{d}\mathrm{t} $ ; (c)$ {f}^{2}\left(t\right) $ integral smoothing
图 6 某地震加速度记录计算所得强度包络函数曲线图形（张美玲等，2020）
Figure 6. The curve of the strength envelope function calculated by a seismic acceleration record（Zhang et al., 2020）
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(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5722.2007.04.011 -
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