• ISSN 2097-1893
  • CN 10-1855/P
顾炜东,魏勇,尧中华,高佳维,王誉棋,何飞,戎昭金. 2024. 木星磁场研究:回顾与展望. 地球与行星物理论评(中英文),55(0):1-14. DOI: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2023-060
引用本文: 顾炜东,魏勇,尧中华,高佳维,王誉棋,何飞,戎昭金. 2024. 木星磁场研究:回顾与展望. 地球与行星物理论评(中英文),55(0):1-14. DOI: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2023-060
Gu W D, Wei Y, Yao Z H, Gao J W, Wang Y Q, He F, Rong Z J. 2024. Research on Jupiter's magnetic field: Review and prospect. Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, 55(0): 1-14 (in Chinese). DOI: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2023-060
Citation: Gu W D, Wei Y, Yao Z H, Gao J W, Wang Y Q, He F, Rong Z J. 2024. Research on Jupiter's magnetic field: Review and prospect. Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, 55(0): 1-14 (in Chinese). DOI: 10.19975/j.dqyxx.2023-060

木星磁场研究:回顾与展望

Research on Jupiter's magnetic field: Review and prospect

  • 摘要: 不同行星的内部结构与内部动力学过程不同,因此有的行星有内禀磁场,有的则尚未发现内禀磁场. 行星的内禀磁场或大气与太阳风相互作用会形成磁层或感应磁层. 不同特征的磁场、大气、卫星会使行星周围形成不一样的空间环境,进而对行星的演化过程产生不同的影响. 探测行星磁场对了解行星的内部结构与内部动力学过程、空间环境和演化过程都有重要意义,因此行星磁场往往是行星探测关注的主要物理量之一. 在对木星磁场的探测中,人们发现木星有着太阳系行星中最大的磁矩和磁层,木星表面磁场图像显示出明显的南北差异性和磁异常区(大蓝斑)等非偶极化特征,木星与地球大相径庭的内部结构也使木星发电机的结构和机制显得复杂和难以确认. 本文对木星磁场的研究历史进行了回顾,并且以Juno时代对木星磁场的研究为主介绍了现在对木星磁场的认知,同时对未来的木星磁场研究和探测进行了展望,建议在未来的木星探测中携带进入木星大气的探针,并在探针上装载探测磁场的载荷,从而实现首次对木星磁场的进入大气的实地探测.

     

    Abstract: The internal structure and dynamics of different planets are different, so some planets have an intrinsic magnetic field, and some have not yet found an intrinsic magnetic field. A planet's intrinsic magnetic field or atmosphere interacts with the solar wind forming a magnetosphere or induced magnetosphere, respectively. Different magnetic fields, atmospheres and moons in planetary systems will form different space environments around the planets, which will have different effects on the evolution of the planets. The detection of planetary magnetic field is of great significance for understanding the internal structure and dynamics, space environment and evolution process of planets, so the planetary magnetic field is often one of the main physical quantities concerned by planetary exploration. In the detection of Jupiter's magnetic field, it was found that Jupiter has the largest magnetic moment and magnetosphere among the planetary systems in the solar system, and the magnetic field of Jupiter shows obvious hemispherical difference, magnetic anomaly areas (the Great Blue Spot) and other non-dipole features. Besides, the internal structure of Jupiter is significantly different from the Earth, which makes the structure and dynamics of Jupiter's dynamo difficult to confirm. This paper reviews the research history of Jupiter's magnetic field, introduces the current cognition of Jupiter's magnetic field mainly based on the research in the Juno era, and prospects the future research and exploration of Jupiter's magnetic field. It is suggested that the probe into Jupiter's atmosphere should be carried in the future Jupiter exploration, and the magnetic field detection instrument should be loaded on the probe. This enabled the first in-situ detection of Jupiter's magnetic field in the atmosphere.

     

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